物理学家不同于数学家
物理学家不同于数学家,物理学家不仅仅需要考虑计算有没有错误,更需要知道其中的原理。
精细结构常数的奥秘
Abstract
In nature, Uranium is present in isotopes of Uranium-238 (99.2742%), Uranium-235 (0.7204%) and extremely small amounts of Uranium-234 (0.0054%), the Fine Structure Constant is 0.0072973525376(50), the square of the Fine Structure Constant is 0.000053251354058(73).
Key Words: Fine Structure Constant; Neutron; Proton; Electron; Mass; Radius.
One: The Fine Structure Constant
The Fine Structure Constant is the ratio that the velocity of Electrons in the Bohr radius orbit to the speed of light, which is:
1 / 137.035999679(94) = 0.0072973525376(50) = Ve / C -------------------------- (1)
K×Qp×Qe / (Rb×Rb) = Me×Ve×Ve / Rb ------------------------------------------(2)
K×Qp×Qe / (Rn×Rn) = (Mn-Mp)×C×C / Rn --------------------------------------(3)
Rn = Rb × Me/(Mn-Mp) × (Ve/C) × (Ve/C) --------------------------------------(4)
Where Me is the mass of Electron;Mn is the mass of Neutron;Mp is the mass of Proton;(Ve/C) is the Fine Structure Constant;Ve is the velocity of Electron in the Bohr radius orbit;C is the light velocity;Rb is the Bohr radius;Rn is the radius of Neutron。
Two: The Sharp Radius of the Neutron,Proton,Electron and the Atomic Nucleus
According to the CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants – 2006,we take the following values:
Mn = 1.674927211(84)×10^-27 kg; Mp = 1.672621637(83)×10^-27 kg;
Me = 9.10938215(45)×10^-31 kg; Mn-Mp = 2.30557374(89)×10^-30 kg;
Rb = 0.52917720859(36)×10^-10 m; Ve/C = 0.0072973525376(50).
The radius of the Neutron:
Rn = Rb × Me/(Mn-Mp) × (Ve/C) × (Ve/C) = 1.11337558(48)×10^-15 m ----------- (5)
From the radius of the neutron, we can compute its density:
Dn = Mn / (4/3×π×Rn^3 ) = 2.8972252(39)×10^+17 kg/m^3 ---------------------------- (6)
The radius of the Proton:
Rp = (Mp/Mn)^(1/3)×Rn = 1.11286448(48)×10^-15 m ---------------------------------- (7)
The radius of Electron:
Re = (Me/Mn)^(1/3)×Rn = 9.0880914(40)×10^-17 m ----------------------------------- (8)
The radius of the Atomic Nucleus:
Mu (Mu = 1.660538782(83)×10^-27 kg) is the Atomic mass unit and Ru is its radius.
Ru = (Mu / Mn)^(1/3)×Rn = 1.11017826(48)×10^-15 m -------------------------------- (9)
Ra = Ru × A^(1/3) ---------------------------------------------------------------- (10)
where A is the nuclear number of Atomic Nucleus, Ra is the radius of Atomic Nucleus.
Reference
CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants – 2006, Lucern wenkai, Guo Yiling, Shen Huijun, Physics 37 (2008, 3) p183-191.
物理学家不同于数学家,物理学家不仅仅需要考虑计算有没有错误,更需要知道其中的原理。
精细结构常数的奥秘
Abstract
In nature, Uranium is present in isotopes of Uranium-238 (99.2742%), Uranium-235 (0.7204%) and extremely small amounts of Uranium-234 (0.0054%), the Fine Structure Constant is 0.0072973525376(50), the square of the Fine Structure Constant is 0.000053251354058(73).
Key Words: Fine Structure Constant; Neutron; Proton; Electron; Mass; Radius.
One: The Fine Structure Constant
The Fine Structure Constant is the ratio that the velocity of Electrons in the Bohr radius orbit to the speed of light, which is:
1 / 137.035999679(94) = 0.0072973525376(50) = Ve / C -------------------------- (1)
K×Qp×Qe / (Rb×Rb) = Me×Ve×Ve / Rb ------------------------------------------(2)
K×Qp×Qe / (Rn×Rn) = (Mn-Mp)×C×C / Rn --------------------------------------(3)
Rn = Rb × Me/(Mn-Mp) × (Ve/C) × (Ve/C) --------------------------------------(4)
Where Me is the mass of Electron;Mn is the mass of Neutron;Mp is the mass of Proton;(Ve/C) is the Fine Structure Constant;Ve is the velocity of Electron in the Bohr radius orbit;C is the light velocity;Rb is the Bohr radius;Rn is the radius of Neutron。
Two: The Sharp Radius of the Neutron,Proton,Electron and the Atomic Nucleus
According to the CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants – 2006,we take the following values:
Mn = 1.674927211(84)×10^-27 kg; Mp = 1.672621637(83)×10^-27 kg;
Me = 9.10938215(45)×10^-31 kg; Mn-Mp = 2.30557374(89)×10^-30 kg;
Rb = 0.52917720859(36)×10^-10 m; Ve/C = 0.0072973525376(50).
The radius of the Neutron:
Rn = Rb × Me/(Mn-Mp) × (Ve/C) × (Ve/C) = 1.11337558(48)×10^-15 m ----------- (5)
From the radius of the neutron, we can compute its density:
Dn = Mn / (4/3×π×Rn^3 ) = 2.8972252(39)×10^+17 kg/m^3 ---------------------------- (6)
The radius of the Proton:
Rp = (Mp/Mn)^(1/3)×Rn = 1.11286448(48)×10^-15 m ---------------------------------- (7)
The radius of Electron:
Re = (Me/Mn)^(1/3)×Rn = 9.0880914(40)×10^-17 m ----------------------------------- (8)
The radius of the Atomic Nucleus:
Mu (Mu = 1.660538782(83)×10^-27 kg) is the Atomic mass unit and Ru is its radius.
Ru = (Mu / Mn)^(1/3)×Rn = 1.11017826(48)×10^-15 m -------------------------------- (9)
Ra = Ru × A^(1/3) ---------------------------------------------------------------- (10)
where A is the nuclear number of Atomic Nucleus, Ra is the radius of Atomic Nucleus.
Reference
CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants – 2006, Lucern wenkai, Guo Yiling, Shen Huijun, Physics 37 (2008, 3) p183-191.